ACMJ
Anatolian Current Medical Journal

Anatolian Current Medical Journal (ACMJ) is an unbiased, peer-reviewed, and open access international medical journal. The Journal publishes interesting clinical and experimental research conducted in all fields of medicine, interesting case reports, and clinical images, invited reviews, editorials, letters, comments, and related knowledge.

eISSN: 2718-0115
Creative Commons CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International License.
EndNote Style

Submit Manuscript

Index
Original Article
Evaluation of patellar height indices in individuals with Osgood–Schlatter disease: a magnetic resonance imaging based study
Abstract
Aims: To compare magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), derived patellar height indices, the Insall-Salvati Index (ISI), Blackburne Peel Ratio (BPR), and Caton-Deschamps Index (CDI) between adults with Osgood Schlatter disease (OSD) and matched controls, and to determine whether plateau-based indices (BPR, CDI) provide more anatomically reliable assessment of patellar height on MRI than the tuberosity-based ISI in the presence of tibial tuberosity distortion.
Methods: In this retrospective study, 350 adults were evaluated, including 175 patients with radiologically confirmed OSD and 175 age- and sex-matched controls. Knee MRI examinations were reviewed using standardized sagittal T1-weighted sequences. Patellar height was assessed using ISI, BPR, and CDI measured independently by two blinded radiologists.
Results: Median ISI, BPR, and CDI values were significantly higher in the OSD group (ISI: 1.13 vs. 1.00; BPR: 1.17 vs. 1.00; CDI: 1.23 vs. 1.00; all p0.05).
Conclusion: Adults with OSD exhibit significantly increased patellar height across all MRI-derived indices. In the presence of tibial tuberosity distortion, plateau-based indices (BPR and CDI), which reference stable anatomical landmarks and are validated in normal populations, represent a more anatomically robust option for MRI-based patellar height assessment than the ISI.

Keywords : : Osgood-Schlatter disease, Insall-Salvati Index, blackburne-peel ratio, caton-deschamps index, MRI, patella alta

Download Article


1. Gholve PA, Scher DM, Khakharia S, Widmann RF, Green DW. Osgood Schlatter syndrome. Curr Opin Pediatr. 2007;19(1):44-50. doi:10.1097/MOP.0b013e328013dbea
2. Ladenhauf HN, Seitlinger G, Green DW. Osgood-Schlatter disease: a 2020 update of a common knee condition in children. Curr Opin Pediatr. 2020;32(1):107-112. doi:10.1097/MOP.0000000000000842
3. Lucenti L, Sapienza M, Caldaci A, Cristo C, Testa G, Pavone V. The etiology and risk factors of Osgood-Schlatter disease: a systematic review. Children (Basel). 2022;9(6):826. doi:10.3390/children9060826
4. Hirano A, Fukubayashi T, Ishii T, Ochiai N. Magnetic resonance imaging of Osgood-Schlatter disease: the course of the disease. Skeletal Radiol. 2002;31(6):334-342. doi:10.1007/s00256-002-0486-z
5. Lee DW, Kim MJ, Kim WJ, Ha JK, Kim JG. Correlation between magnetic resonance imaging characteristics of the patellar tendon and clinical scores in Osgood-Schlatter disease. Knee Surg Relat Res. 2016; 28(1):62-67. doi:10.5792/ksrr.2016.28.1.62
6. Loose K, Pennekamp S, Hitzl W, et al. MRI characteristics and alterations in patellar height in patients with patellar tendinopathy-a retrospective study. J Pers Med. 2023;13(4):698. doi:10.3390/jpm13040698
7. Biedert RM. Patella Alta: When to correct and impact on other anatomic risk factors for patellofemoral instability. Clin Sports Med. 2022;41(1): 65-76. doi:10.1016/j.csm.2021.07.002
8. Stefanik JJ, Zhu Y, Zumwalt AC, et al. Association between patella alta and the prevalence and worsening of structural features of patellofemoral joint osteoarthritis: the multicenter osteoarthritis study. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2010;62(9):1258-1265. doi:10.1002/acr.20214
9. Ward SR, Terk MR, Powers CM. Influence of patella alta on knee extensor mechanics. J Biomech. 2005;38(12):2415-2422. doi:10.1016/ j.jbiomech.2004.10.010
10. Draper CE, Besier TF, Fredericson M, et al. Differences in patellofemoral kinematics between weight-bearing and non-weight-bearing conditions in patients with patellofemoral pain. J Orthop Res. 2011;29(3):312-317. doi:10.1002/jor.21253
11. Wheatley MGA, Rainbow MJ, Clouthier AL. Patellofemoral mechanics: a review of pathomechanics and research approaches. Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med. 2020;13(3):326-337. doi:10.1007/s12178-020-09626-y
12. Lenhart RL, Brandon SC, Smith CR, Novacheck TF, Schwartz MH, Thelen DG. Influence of patellar position on the knee extensor mechanism in normal and crouched walking. J Biomech. 2017;51:1-7. doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2016.11.052
13. Miller TT, Staron RB, Feldman F. Patellar height on sagittal MR imaging of the knee. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1996;167(2):339-341. doi:10.2214/ajr. 167.2.8686598
14. Kurowecki D, Shergill R, Cunningham KM, et al. A comparison of sagittal MRI and lateral radiography in determining the Insall-Salvati ratio and diagnosing patella alta in the pediatric knee. Pediatr Radiol. 2022;52(3):527-532. doi:10.1007/s00247-021-05207-4
15. Kwak YH, Park SS, Huser AJ, et al. Reliability and modality analysis of patellar height measurement in pediatric knee. Front Pediatr. 2024;12: 1323015. doi:10.3389/fped.2024.1323015
16. Aparicio G, Abril JC, Calvo E, Alvarez L. Radiologic study of patellar height in Osgood-Schlatter disease. J Pediatr Orthop. 1997;17(1):63-66.
17. Jakob RP, von Gumppenberg S, Engelhardt P. Does Osgood-Schlatter disease influence the position of the patella? J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1981; 63B(4):579-582. doi:10.1302/0301-620X.63B4.7298689
18. Kızılgöz V. Using the Blackburne-Peel index to measure the patellar height on magnetic resonance images. Sci Rep. 2023;13(1):21950. doi:10. 1038/s41598-023-49497-0
19. Koh JL, Stewart C. Patellar instability. Clin Sports Med. 2014;33(3):461-476. doi:10.1016/j.csm.2014.03.011
20. Barnett AJ, Prentice M, Mandalia V, Wakeley CJ, Eldridge JD. Patellar height measurement in trochlear dysplasia. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2009;17(12):1412-1415. doi:10.1007/s00167-009-0801-5
Article available in :
Volume 8, Issue 2, 2026
Page : 265-269
https://doi.org/10.38053/acmj.1855387
Article Information
Received : 03 Oca 2026
Accepted : 06 Şub 2026
Published : 10 Mar 2026
Corresponding Author :

Betül Akdal Dölek: Department of Radiology, Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Ankara, Turkiye

[email protected]
Citation : Akdal Dölek B, Tekdemir H, Duran S. Evaluation of patellar height indices in individuals with Osgood–Schlatter disease: a magnetic resonance imaging based study. Anatolian Curr Med J. 2026;8(2):265-269. doi:10.38053/acmj.1855387

Read: 86
Download : 56
Cited: 0
_Footer