ACMJ
Anatolian Current Medical Journal

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Original Article
The frequency of co-positivity of anti-smooth muscle antibody and anti-nuclear antibodies and their contribution to the diagnosis of autoimmune hepatitis
Abstract
Aims: Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a chronic disease observed especially in women. The International Autoimmune Hepatitis Group recommends scoring systems for diagnosis using clinical and laboratory data. All scoring systems gave points to autoantibodies as anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) and anti-smooth muscle antibody (SMA) positivity. This study investigates the impact of the co-positivity of the ANA and SMA antibodies on the autoimmune hepatitis diagnosis. Material and
Methods: We monitored 78 autoimmune liver disease (autoimmune hepatitis, AIH) suspected patients with positive SMA antibody and then further tested for ANA between 2014 and2021. SMA test was screened at 1/40 and 1/100 titers and patients who were positive were taken to further dilution. The ANA test was screened at a titer of 1/40 and 1/160, a positive result was found to be repeated with advanced dilutions. All patients’ autoantibody scores of simplified AIH diagnostic system were calculated.
Results: Seventy eight patients with positive SMA antibodies screened for ANA test with 1/40 and 1/160 titer, only 2 patients was found to be negative. The most frequently observed ANA pattern is cytoplasmic linear fibrils (68% ). The 95% ANA positive results was examined at a screening titer of 1/160. The 95% SMA positive results was found at a screening titer of 1/100. The autoantibody scores of 76 patients were +2, patient’s scores were +1.
Conclusion: SMA antibody positivity is accompanied by a high rate of ANA antibody positivity but the co-positivity didn’t effect diagnostic score systems. On the other the co-positivity could be a sign of another associated autoimmune diseases.

Keywords : Anti-smooth muscle antibody, anti-nuclear antibodies, autoimmune hepatitis

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Article available in :
Volume 5, Issue 2, 2023
Page : 138-142
https://doi.org/10.38053/acmj.1250769
Article Information
Received : 13 Şub 2023
Accepted : 14 Mar 2023
Published : 27 Mar 2023
Corresponding Author :

Neval Yurttutan Uyar: Department of Microbiology and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mehmet Ali Aydınlar Acıbadem University, İstanbul, Turkey

[email protected]
Citation : Yurttutan Uyar N. The frequency of co-positivity of anti-smooth muscle antibody and anti-nuclear antibodies and their contribution to the diagnosis of autoimmune hepatitis. Anatolian Curr Med J 2023; 5(2); 138-142.

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