ACMJ
Anatolian Current Medical Journal

Anatolian Current Medical Journal (ACMJ) is an unbiased, peer-reviewed, and open access international medical journal. The Journal publishes interesting clinical and experimental research conducted in all fields of medicine, interesting case reports, and clinical images, invited reviews, editorials, letters, comments, and related knowledge.

eISSN: 2718-0115
Creative Commons CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International License.
EndNote Style

Submit Manuscript

Index
Derleme
Microbiota, probiotic and prebiotics
Abstract
It has emerged in recent years that bacteria in the human gastrointestinal tract have been involved in the pathogenesis and treatment of various diseases. Microbiota includes all special species while microbiome includes genes of microorganisms which live commensally with human.The human body must have a healthy gastrointestinal system to maintain a healthy life. This is achieved by intestinal microflora. Food additives such as probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics are used to strengthen the beneficial microflora of the intestine. Microbial dysbiosis, described as the decrease of useful bacteria and the increase of harmful bacteria, has been associated with colon –gastric cancer, celiac disease and many extraintestinal diseases such as allergy, obesity, Parkinson disease, diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases. Differences in intestinal microbiota composition are detected in many cases like diabetes, allergy, autism, obesity, gastric cancer, hypertension and autoimmune diseases. Healthy diet recommendations, including prebiotic and probiotic foods and the use of probiotic agents, look promising for future treatment of gastrointestinal ve extraintestinal diseases. Interventions based on microbiota manipulation are becoming increasingly widespread for many chronic conditions and are promising for the future.

Keywords : Microbiota, probiotic, prebiotic

Download Article


1. Belkaid Y , Hand TW. Role of the microbiota in immunity and inflammation. Cell 2014; 157: 121-41.
2. Tuğ A, Hancı İH, Balseven A. İnsan genom projesi: Umut mu, kabus mu? Sürekli Tıp Eğitimi Derg 2002; 11: 56-7.
3. Whitman WB, Coleman DC, Wiebe WJ. Prokaryotes: the unseen majority. Proc Natl Acad Sci 1998; 95: 6578-83.
4. Chow J, Lee SM, Shen Y , Khosravi A, Mazmanian SK. Host bacterial symbiosis in health and disease. Adv Immunol 2010; 107: 243-74.
5. Dominguez-Bello MG, Costello EK, Contreras M, et al. Delivery mode shapes the acquisition and structure of the initial microbiota cross multiple body habitats in newborns. Proc Natl Acad Sci 2010; 107: 11971-5.
6. Wall R, Ross RP, Ryan CA, et al. Role of gut microbiota in early infant development. Clin Med Pediatr 2009; 3: 45-54.
7. Yatsunenko T, Rey FE, Manary MJ, et al. Human gut microbiome viewed across age and geography. Nature 2012; 486: 222-7.
8. Penders J, Thijs C, Vink C, et al. Factors influencing the composition of the intestinal microbiota in early infancy. Pediatrics 2006; 118: 511-21.
9. Mariat D, Firmesse O, Levenez F, et al. The Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio of the human microbiota changes with age. BMC Microbiol 2009; 9: 123.
10. Claesson MJ, Cusack S, O’Sullivan O, et al. Composition, variability, and temporal stability of the intestinal microbiota of the elderly. Proc Natl Acad Sci 2011; 108: 4586-91.
11. Ley RE, Hamady M, Lozupone C, et al. Evolution of mammals and their gut microbes. Science 2008; 320: 1647-51.
12. Muegge BD, Kuczynski J, Knights D, et al. Diet drives convergence in gut microbiome functions across mammalian phylogeny and within humans. Science 2011; 332: 970-4.
13. Dethlefsen L, Huse S, Sogin ML, Relman DA. The pervasive effects of an antibiotic on the human gut microbiota, as revealed by deep 16S rRNA sequencing. Plos Biol 2008; 6: 280.
14. Jernberg C, Löfmark S, Edlund C, Jansson JK. Long-term ecological impacts of antibiotic administration on the human intestinal microbiota. ISME J 2007; 1: 56-66.
15. Sullivan A, Edlund C, Nord CE. Effect of antimicrobial agents on the ecological balance of human microflora. Lancet Infect Dis 2001; 1: 101-14.
16. Sommer, MO, Dantas G, Church GM. Functional characterization of the antibiotic resistance resistance reservoir in the human microflora. Science 2009; 28: 1128-31.
17. Yıldırım AE, Altun R. Obezite ve mikrobiyota. Güncel Gastroenterol Derg 2014; 18: 106-11.
18. Iacono A, Raso GM, Canani RB, Calignano A, Meli R. Probiotics as an emerging therapeutic strategy to treat NAFLD: focus on molecular and biochemical mechanisms. J Nutr Biochem. 2011; 22: 699-711.
19. Vrieze A, Holleman F, Zoetendal EG, de V os WM, Hoekstra JB, Nieuwdorp M. The environment within: how gut microbiota may influence metabolism and body composition. Diabetologia 2010; 53: 606-13.
20. Björkstén B, Sepp E, Julge K, V oor T, Mikelsaar M. Allergy development and the intestinal microflora during the first year of life. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2001; 108: 516-20.
21. Finegold SM, Molitoris D, Song Y , et al. Gastrointestinal microflora studies in late-onset autism. Clin Infect Dis 2002; 35: 6-16.
22. Rastall, R, Gibson GR, Gill HS, et al. Modulation of the microbial ecology of the human colon by probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics to enchence human health: An overview of enabling science and potential applications. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2005; 52: 145-52.
23. Zubillaga M, Weill R, Postaire E, Goldman C, Car R, Boccio J. Effects of probiotics and functional foods and their use in different diseases. Nutr Res 2001; 21: 569-78.
24. Ouwehand AC, Kirjavainen PV , Shortt C, Salminen S. Probiotics: mechanisms and established effects. Int Dairy J 1999; 9: 43-52.
25. Heyman M, Menard S. Probiotic microorganisms how they affect intestinal patophysiology. Cell Mol Life Sci 2002; 59: 1151.
26. Isolauri E. Probiotics for infectious diarrhoea. Gut 2003; 52: 436-7.
27. Madsen K. Probiotics and the immune response. J Clin Gastroenterol 2006; 40: 232-4.
28. Kuisma J, Mentula S, Jarvinen H, Kahri A, Saxelin M, Farkkila M. Effect of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG on ieal pouch inflammation and microbial flora. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2003; 17: 509-15.
29. Kopp-Hoolihan L. Prophylactic and therapeutic uses of probiotics: a review. J Am Diet Assoc 2001; 10: 229-41.
30. Saggioro A. Probiotics in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome. J Clin Gastroenterol 2004; 38: 104-6.
31. Seki E, Schnabl B. Role of innate immunity and the microbiota in liver fibrosis: crosstalk between the liver and gut. J Physiol 2012; 590: 447-58.
32. Borody TJ, Campbell J. Fecal microbiota transplantation: techniques, applications, and issues. Gastroenterol Clin North Am 2012; 41: 781-803.
Article available in :
Volume 1, Issue 3, 2019
Page : 68-71
https://doi.org/10.38053/agtd.529392
Article Information
Received : 19 Şub 2019
Accepted : 30 Mar 2019
Published : 01 Tem 2019
Corresponding Author :

Eylem Karatay: Deparment of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, İstinye University, İstanbul, Turkiye

[email protected]
Citation : Karatay E. Mikrobiyota, probiyotik ve prebiyotikler. Anadolu Güncel Tıp Derg 2019; 1(3): 68-71.

Read: 106
Download : 137
Cited: 8
_Footer